clayton act citationshinedown attention attention
Get this from a library! Citation Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, Pub. The Clayton Act, authored by Alabama congressman Henry Clayton, outlawed, among other things, anticompetitive mergers and acquisitions, interlocking directorates, and price discrimination. The Clayton Act, referred to in subsec. Caption title: An Act to Amend the Clayton Act to Modify the Amount of Damages Payable to Foreign States and Instrumentalities of Foreign States which Sue for Violations of the Antitrust Laws. Exclusive dealing, tying, and mergers are all agreements, and theoretically, within the reach of Section 1 of the Sherman Act. The Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 (Pub.L. §12–27, 29 U.S.C. (b), is act Oct. 15, 1914, ch. Section 7 of the Clayton Act allows greater regulation of mergers than just Sherman Act Section 2, since it does not require a merger-to-monopoly before there is a violation. The Supreme Court has expressly ruled that the "injunctive relief" clause in Section 16 includes the implied power to force defendants to divest assets.Under the Clayton Act, only civil suits could be brought to the court's attention and a provision "permits a suit in the federal courts for three times the actual damages caused by anything forbidden in the antitrust laws",Martin, David Dale, Mergers and the Clayton Act, University of California, Berkeley and Los Angeles, 1959 The government often employs the Section 7 elaborates on specific and crucial concepts of the Clayton Act; "Another important factor to consider is the amendment passed in Congress on Section 7 of the Clayton Act in 1950. The Clayton Antitrust Act, passed in 1914, continues to regulate U.S. business practices today. Words “herein” and “this Act”, referred to in the three paragraphs of subsec. (b), is act Oct. 15, 1914, ch. It allows the Federal Trade Commission and Department of Justice to regulate all mergers, and gives the government discretion whether to give approval to a merger or not, which it still commonly does today. The immigrants were employed in the rapidly growing industries such as railroad transport and mining industries.At that time, large companies grew even bigger by acquiring and merging with other companies in their industries to form conglomeratesConglomerateA conglomerate is one very large cor… In 1914 the U.S. Congress responded to populist antitrust sentiments and deficiencies in the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 with a new act. There are 4 sections of the bill that proposed substantive changes in the antitrust laws by way of supplementing the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. Please consult a reference librarian for more information. The economic expansion attracted immigrants from Europe who were enticed by the higher wages in the United States.
[Earl W Kintner] -- Due to budgetary constraints, the print version of this title has been cancelled. (a), is act Feb. 12, 1913, ch. (a), mean the Clayton Act.
730, enacted October 14, 1914, codified at 15 U.S.C. §52–53. 323, 38 Stat. That regime started with the Sherman Antitrust Actof 1890, the first Federal law outlawing practices considered harmful to consumers (monopolies, cartels, and trusts). §§ 52–53), was a part of United States antitrust law with the goal of adding further substance to the U.S. antitrust law regime; the Clayton Act sought to prevent anticompetitive practices in their incipiency. 349, The Act entitled “An Act to amend sections seventy-three and seventy-six of the Act of August twenty-seventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-four, entitled ‘An Act to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes’,” approved February twelfth, nineteen hundred and thirteen, referred to in subsec. 730, as amended, which is classified to sections 12, 13, 14 to 19, 21, and 22 to 27 … Section 8 of the Act refers to the prohibition of one person of serving as director of two or more corporations if the certain threshold values are met, which are required to be set by regulation of the Federal Trade Commission, revised annually based on the change in gross national product, pursuant to the Hart–Scott–Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act. L. No. The Clayto… Whereas the Sherman Act only declared monopoly illegal, the Clayton Act defined as illegal certain business practices that are conductive to the formation of monopolies or that result from them. (For example, see 74 Because the act singles out exclusive dealing and tying arrangements, one may assume they would be subject to heightened scrutiny, perhaps they would even be An important difference between the Clayton Act and its predecessor, the Sherman Act, is that the Clayton Act contained safe harbors for union activities.
This original position of the US government on mergers and acquisitions was strengthened by the Celler-Kefauver amendments of 1950, so as to cover asset as well as stock acquisitions. For classification of the Clayton Act to the Code, see last paragraph hereunder.The Act entitled “An Act to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes,” of August twenty-seventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-four, referred to in subsec. Substantively, the act seeks to capture anticompetitive practices in their incipiency by prohibiting particular types of conduct, not deemed in the best interest of a competitive market. 730, enacted October 15, 1914, codified at 15 U.S.C. "Dec. 29, 1982, (S. 816)"--Page [1]. "Public Law 97-393." In those sections, the Act thoroughly discusses the following four principles of economic trade and business:
40, The Clayton Act, referred to in subsec.
Likewise, mergers that create monopolies would be actionable under Sherman Act Section 2. Unilateral price discrimination is clearly outside the reach of Section 1 of the Sherman Act, which only extended to "concerted activities" (agreements). Description: [2] pages ; 24 cm: Other Titles: (a), is act Aug. 27, 1894, ch.
§§ 12–27, 29 U.S.C.
63–212, 38 Stat. Section 6 of the Act (codified at Procedurally, the Act empowers private parties injured by violations of the Act to sue for treble damages under Section 4 and injunctive relief under Section 16. Like the Sherman Act, much of the substance of the Clayton Act has been developed and animated by the The Clayton Act made both substantive and procedural modifications to federal antitrust law.
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